Plan Satellite Passes
1 hourIdentify FM or linear satellite passes with elevation above your horizon mask.
Advanced1-2 weeks
Satellite Communication Guide
Complete guide for satellite communication — step-by-step workflow, tools, checklist, and expert tips to get started.
satellite operatorsFM satellite newcomerslinear transponder users
Workflow
Calculate Doppler Shift
45 minutesEstimate uplink/downlink frequency correction during pass approach and departure.
Build Satellite Link Budget
1 hourModel path loss to LEO satellite including antenna gain and polarization loss.
Track and Operate Pass
10-15 min/passExecute pass with rotator or manual tracking while adjusting for Doppler.
Log Contacts & Refine Setup
30 minutesDocument grid squares, equipment, and signal reports for future passes.
Tools Used
- Link Budget CalculatorPrimary
Model uplink/downlink margin for LEO satellite passes.
- Free Space Path LossPrimary
Calculate path loss to satellite at slant range.
- Frequency to WavelengthSupporting
Convert pass frequencies for Doppler correction steps.
- Antenna Gain CalculatorSupporting
Compare arrow yagi vs omnidirectional satellite antennas.
- Decibel (dB) ConverterReference
Interpret signal strength changes during pass.
Checklist
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Software
Equipment
Configuration
Planning
Operations
Site
Documentation
Reference Materials
Popular FM Amateur SatellitesTable
Starting points for FM satellite operation.
| Satellite | Uplink (MHz) | Downlink (MHz) |
|---|---|---|
| SO-50 | 145.850 FM | 436.795 FM |
| ISS | 145.990 FM | 437.800 FM |
| Linear (RS-44) | SSB/CW | SSB/CW |
Doppler ShiftFormula
Δf ≈ f × (v_radial / c) — tune downlink ±10 kHz on 2 m FM during pass
Satellite IDStandard
Always identify with call sign and grid locator — satellite QSOs count for awards.
Full Duplex Helps
Hearing your own downlink while transmitting makes timing and tuning easier.
Start FM Before Linear
FM satellites teach Doppler and tracking without SSB transceiver complexity.
Don't Overdrive Satellites
Excessive uplink power desenses transponder for all users — use bare foot power.
Safety Notes
- When operating portable, stay aware of surroundings — tracking antennas while walking causes trips and traffic hazards.
- Never look at the sun through binoculars or optics when aligning directional antennas near solar conjunction.