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Weather Observations and Paired Sensor Checks

Record timestamped weather observations, trace rain and exact pressure changes, or compare co-timed sensors with bias, MAE and RMSE summaries.

Use this result well

Inputs that matter
Station and measurement basis, Observation rows, Sources and assumptions, Devices, quantity, unit and exposure, and 2 more
Output to expect
Station observations and coverage, Co-timed sensor/reference comparison
  • Check the units and required inputs before comparing results.
  • Keep the assumptions with a copied result so you can reproduce the calculation later.
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Reference & details

How it works

Station observations and coverage

Summarize actual timestamped observations while retaining missing values, trace precipitation, zero measurements and quality notes. Calculate a three-hour pressure change only where two actual station-pressure readings are exactly three hours apart.

Sample means are arithmetic, not time-weighted. Three-hour pressure change = P(t) − P(t−3 h). Known precipitation is the sum of nonoverlapping reported interval depths.

Co-timed sensor/reference comparison

Compare paired readings of one quantity at actual matching times. Report device-minus-reference bias, MAE, RMSE and correlation while keeping missing pairs and notes visible. Nearby stations with different exposure are not automatically calibration standards.

Difference = device − reference; calculate equal-weight paired error statistics. Within-tolerance count uses |difference| ≤ entered tolerance.

Updated: September 2026

Example Scenarios

Inspect the example and its input basis, then substitute your own documented measurements or matched cases.

Station and measurement basis: Example station, 2 m temperature, 10 m wind, true FROM directionObservation rows: 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z | 20 | 70 | 1010 | 2 | 350 | 2026-08-31T23:00:00Z | 0 | checked 2026-09-01T03:00:00Z | 18 | 80 | 1008 | 0 | M | 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z | T | trace recorded

→ 2 station observations; 0 mm known precipitation subtotal plus traces

Inspect the example and its input basis, then substitute your own documented measurements or matched cases.

Devices, quantity, unit and exposure: Co-located air temperature sensors, °C, identical averaging periodEntered absolute-difference tolerance: 0.5Co-timed measurements: 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z | 20.3 | 20 | checked 2026-09-01T01:00:00Z | 21.2 | 21 | checked 2026-09-01T02:00:00Z | M | 22 | device missing

→ 0.25 device − reference bias (2 pairs)

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Mixing observation and model inputs

Use the exact units, timestamp, level and measurement or model basis stated by the selected mode. A similar quantity from another instrument or product is not automatically interchangeable.

Treating an illustrative case as a measurement

Replace the example with your own sourced inputs. Retain missing values and method limits, and keep raw source data alongside a saved calculation.

FAQ

Summarize actual timestamped observations while retaining missing values, trace precipitation, zero measurements and quality notes. Calculate a three-hour pressure change only where two actual station-pressure readings are exactly three hours apart. Compare paired readings of one quantity at actual matching times. Report device-minus-reference bias, MAE, RMSE and correlation while keeping missing pairs and notes visible. Nearby stations with different exposure are not automatically calibration standards.

Retain the station or profile identity, observation or issue/valid time, measurement units, quality flags, source and stated method. Missing values, trace precipitation and known zeros have different meanings.

Save weather case keeps an explicit local record. Copy MD includes current inputs and notes; Download CSV includes the current result breakdown. Keep portable copies separately and retain raw source data.

About Weather Observations and Paired Sensor Checks

Summarize actual timestamped observations while retaining missing values, trace precipitation, zero measurements and quality notes. Calculate a three-hour pressure change only where two actual station-pressure readings are exactly three hours apart. Compare paired readings of one quantity at actual matching times. Report device-minus-reference bias, MAE, RMSE and correlation while keeping missing pairs and notes visible. Nearby stations with different exposure are not automatically calibration standards.