Excavate Subgrade and Verify Drainage Slope
1 dayRemove sod and topsoil, compact subgrade, and establish 1–2% slope away from structures before base material.
Field context
This workflow is part of 2 niche fields
Complete guide for patio hardscape build — step-by-step workflow, tools, checklist, and expert tips to get started.
Remove sod and topsoil, compact subgrade, and establish 1–2% slope away from structures before base material.
Order crushed gravel and sand by calculated tonnage; screed bedding sand to uniform depth for paver setting.
Start from a squared corner or centerline, maintain joint spacing, cut edge pieces with wet saw, and fill joints.
Run plate compactor with pad, sweep joint sand, mist activate polymeric sand, and confirm runoff direction.
Calculates paver count including cuts and waste for the patio footprint.
Estimates crushed stone tonnage for sub-base and bedding layers.
Sizes perimeter drain pipe if patio traps water against foundation.
Plans adjacent stepping stone paths connecting patio to yard zones.
Patio Base Layer Depths
| Layer | Depth | Material |
|---|---|---|
| Subgrade | Compacted | Native soil |
| Crushed base | 4–6 in | 3/4 minus gravel |
| Bedding sand | 1 in | Coarse sand |
| Pavers | 2 3/8 in | Concrete or stone |
Combine trenching for irrigation, drainage, and low-voltage lighting in one pass when possible.
Match plant mature size to spacing calculators — overcrowding creates maintenance debt for years.
Wear eye and ear protection when cutting pavers, blocks, or running plate compactors.