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Voltage Drop Calculator

Audit one documented series circuit path from source-labelled segment currents, lengths, path multipliers and effective impedances—without assuming copper, choosing wire size or applying a pass/fail threshold.

Use this result well

Inputs that matter
One de-identified reviewed circuit path; named segment-model and impedance sources; one paired foot/ohms-per-1000-feet or metre/ohms-per-kilometre unit system; source voltage; and one through three complete segments with current, one-way length, path multiplier and effective impedance
Output to expect
Source-preserving voltage drop for each entered segment, summed path drop, percentage against entered source voltage and load-side arithmetic
How it works
Evaluate current x one-way length x only the entered path multiplier x entered impedance per 1,000 units for each segment and sum; do not select copper, AWG, a universal 2x path, allowable percentage, larger wire or compliance verdict
  • Verify each segment boundary, simultaneous current/load model, route length, circuit/phase path multiplier and effective impedance against the responsible design and material/manufacturer conditions.
  • Final design must also reconcile material/construction, temperature and AC effects, ampacity and adjustment, terminations, protection, fault current, grounding, equipment minimum voltage, adopted requirements and AHJ acceptance.

Choose your path

Built around the job you need to finish

Reproduce one source-labelled series circuit path from independently documented segment currents, lengths, path multipliers and effective impedances without choosing a conductor or allowable drop.

Electrical designer auditing a multi-segment path

Reproduce feeder and branch portions without forcing one current, one conductor or a universal 2x path across the whole route.

Name the circuit and impedance sources, copy up to three complete segments and inspect each drop plus the total.

Can trace the path while conductor selection and acceptable performance remain in the complete design.

Plan reviewer checking model provenance

See whether every segment current, length, multiplier and impedance matches the submitted calculation.

Inspect the wrapping source/model cards, paired units, segment steps, total percentage and load-side arithmetic.

No fixed copper table, 3% pass/fail or larger-wire recommendation is generated.

Apprentice comparing circuit paths

Learn why series segments can have different current and path/phase models and cannot be flattened into one generic AWG row.

Run separate foot and metric education records with explicit impedance values and compare the exposed sum.

Can reproduce the arithmetic and list material, ampacity, protection, equipment and approval checks the tool omits.

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Reference & details

How it works

Preserve the Circuit Model

The responsible calculation owns segment boundaries and currents. Do not flatten feeder, branch or other portions into one current and one conductor when the reviewed model treats them separately.

Path record = source voltage + one to three documented series segments

Use Entered Path and Impedance

Every path multiplier and effective resistance/impedance comes from the named source. The tool never assumes 2×, copper, AWG, temperature, phase or AC/DC conditions.

Segment drop = current × one-way length × entered path multiplier × entered impedance ÷ 1,000

Sum Without a Verdict

The percentage and load-side arithmetic reproduce the entered model only. No 3% or 5% threshold, equipment minimum voltage, larger-wire recommendation, ampacity result or compliance decision is inferred.

Total drop = Σ segment drops; percent = total drop ÷ entered source voltage × 100

Updated: August 2026

Example Scenarios

A reviewer copies separate segment currents, lengths, path multipliers and impedances from a submitted path. The ledger exposes both drops and their sum without choosing either conductor.

An engineer uses metres with ohms per kilometre and an explicitly documented phase/path multiplier. Paired units prevent silently mixing feet with metric impedance data.

An apprentice runs separate source-labelled records to see how segment assumptions change arithmetic. The result never grades the percentage or recommends a wire size.

FAQ

No. Acceptable performance depends on the complete adopted design, feeder/branch context, equipment requirements and responsible review. The tool reports only the entered percentage.

Circuit, phase and path models differ. Copy the exact positive multiplier from the named calculation instead of assuming a universal 2× return path.

Use the exact manufacturer data, table or engineering calculation for the selected material/construction and documented temperature, frequency and installation conditions.

Wire Size audits one already selected candidate conductor. This tool reproduces a complete series path of one to three documented segments; neither selects AWG or establishes ampacity.

Not by itself. It is source voltage minus the entered modelled drop and does not verify source regulation, startup, harmonics, power factor, equipment behavior, protection or field conditions.

About Voltage Drop Calculator

Reproduce the arithmetic in one reviewed circuit path. Name the segment-model and impedance sources, choose one paired foot or metric unit system, and enter up to three complete series segments. Each segment keeps its own current, one-way length, path multiplier and effective impedance; final conductor and acceptable-performance decisions remain outside the tool.